·
CAS Number 868-14-4
·
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation) C4H5KO6
·
Molecular Weight 188.18
·
Beilstein Registry
Number 6119985
·
MDL number MFCD00065392
·
PubChem Substance ID 329750910
Potassium bitartrate, also known as potassium hydrogen tartrate,
with formula KC4H5O6, is a byproduct of winemaking. In cooking it is known as cream
of tartar.
Detailed
description
It is the potassium acid salt of tartaric acid (a carboxylic acid). It can be used in baking or as a cleaning
solution (when mixed with an acidic solution such as lemon juice or white vinegar).
Applications
In food
In food, potassium bitartrate is used for:
·
Stabilizing egg whites, increasing their
warmth tolerance and volume
·
Stabilizing whipped cream, maintaining its
texture and volume
·
Anti-caking and thickening
·
Preventing sugar syrups from crystallizing
·
Reducing discoloration of boiled vegetables
Additionally it is used as a component of:
·
Baking powder, as an acid
ingredient to activate baking soda
·
Sodium-free salt substitutes, in
combination with potassium chloride
A similar acid salt, sodium acid
pyrophosphate, can be confused with cream of tartar because of
their common function as a component of baking powder.
Household use
Potassium bitartrate can be mixed with an acidic
liquid such as lemon juice or white vinegar to make a paste-like
cleaning agent for metals such as brass, aluminum or copper, or with water for
other cleaning applications such as removing light stains from porcelain.[3] This mixture is sometimes
mistakenly made with vinegar and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), which
actually react to neutralize each
other, creating carbon dioxide and a sodium acetate solution.
Cream of tartar was often used in traditional dyeing where the complexing action
of the tartrate ions were used to adjust the solubility and hydrolysis of mordant salts such as tin chloride and alum.
Cream of tartar, when mixed into a paste with
hydrogen peroxide, can be used to clean rust from some hand tools, notably hand files. The paste is applied and allowed to set for a few
hours and then washed off with a baking soda/water solution. After another
rinse with water and thorough drying, a thin application of oil will protect
the file from further rusting.
Slowing the set time of plaster of Paris products (most
widely used in gypsum plaster wall work and artwork casting) is typically
achieved by the simple introduction of almost any acid diluted into the mixing
water. A commercial retardant premix additive sold by USG to trade interior
plasterers includes at least 40% potassium bitartrate. The remaining
ingredients are the same plaster of Paris and quartz-silica aggregate already
prominent in the main product. This means that the only active ingredient is
the cream of tartar.[4]
In many households, one of the most common uses for
cream of tartar is for homemade play dough.
Medicinal use
Cream of tartar has been used internally as a purgative. Use as a purgative
is dangerous because an excess of potassium, or hyperkalemia, may occur.
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