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CAS Number 7722-64-7
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Empirical Formula (Hill Notation) KMnO4
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Molecular Weight 158.03
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EC Number 231-760-3
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MDL number MFCD00011364
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PubChem Substance ID 329752309
Potassium permanganate is an inorganic chemical compound and medication. As a
medication it is used for cleaning wounds and dermatitis.
It has the chemical formula KMnO4 and is a salt consisting of K+ and MnO−4 ions.
Detailed d
It is a strong oxidizing agent. It dissolves in
water to give intensely pink or purple solutions, the evaporation of which
leaves prismatic purplish-black glistening crystals.[3] In 2000, worldwide
production was estimated at 30,000 tonnes.[4] In this compound, manganese is in the +7 oxidation state.
It is on the WHO Model List of
Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.[5] The wholesale cost
in the developing world is about 0.01 USD
per gram of powder. In the United
Kingdom a 400 milligram tablet costs the NHS roughly £0.51.
Uses
Almost all applications of potassium permanganate
exploit its oxidizing properties. As a strong oxidant
that does not generate toxic byproducts, KMnO4 has many niche uses.
Infection
As an oxidant, potassium permanganate can act as an antiseptic. For example,
dilute solutions are used to treat canker sores (ulcers),
disinfectant for the hands and treatment for mild pompholyx, dermatitis, and fungal infections of the
hands or feet.
Water treatment
Potassium permanganate is used extensively in the
water treatment industry. It is used as a regeneration chemical to remove iron and hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell)
from well water via a
"Manganese Greensand" Filter. "Pot-Perm" is also obtainable
at pool supply stores and is
used additionally to treat waste water. Historically it was used to disinfect
drinking water and can turn the
water pink. It currently finds
application in the control of nuisance organisms such as zebra mussels in fresh water
collection and treatment systems.
Synthesis of organic compounds
Aside from its use in water treatment, the other
major application of KMnO4 is
as a reagent for the synthesis of organic compounds.Significant amounts
are required for the synthesis of ascorbic acid, chloramphenicol, saccharin, isonicotinic acid, and pyrazinoic acid.
Analytical use
Potassium permanganate can be used to quantitatively
determine the total oxidisable organic material in an aqueous sample. The value
determined is known as the permanganate
value. In analytical chemistry, a standardized aqueous solution of KMnO4 is sometimes used as an oxidizing titrant for redox titrations (permanganometry). In a related way,
it is used as a reagent to determine the Kappa number of wood pulp. For
the standardization of KMnO4 solutions,
reduction by oxalic acid is often used.[15]
Aqueous, acidic solutions of KMnO4 are used to collect gaseous mercury in flue gas during
stationary source emissions testing.[16]
Fruit preservation
Ethylene absorbents extend storage time of bananas even at high
temperatures. This effect can be exploited by packing bananas in polyethylene together with
potassium permanganate. By removing ethylene by oxidation, the permanganate
delays the ripening, increasing the fruit's shelf life up to 4 weeks without
the need for refrigeration.
Survival kits
Potassium permanganate is typically included in
survival kits: as a fire starter (mixed with antifreeze from a car radiator or glycerol), water sterilizer, and for creating
distress signals on snow.
Fire service
Potassium permanganate is used in the "plastic
sphere dispensers" used to set backfires, burnouts, and prescribed fires.
Polymer spheres resembling ping-pong balls containing small
amounts of permanganate are injected with ethylene glycol and projected
towards the area where ignition is desired, where they spontaneously ignite
seconds later. Both handheld and helicopter-or boat-mounted plastic sphere
dispensers are used.
Other uses
Potassium permanganate is one of the principal chemicals
used in the film and television industries to "age" props and set
dressings. Its ready conversion to brown MnO2 creates "hundred-year-old"
or "ancient" looks on Hessian cloth (burlap), ropes,
timber, and glass.
Potassium permanganate has been used in attempts to
induce abortions at home. These incidents only result in damage to the vagina
from the corrosive action of the chemical, since potassium permanganate was
proven to be ineffective in producing abortions. The FDA increased legal
restrictions on the chemical in response to its use as an abortifacient.
PRICE
$178.12/KG OR $80.96/IB
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