ReagentPlus®, 99%
Synonym: Hydroxyacetic acid
·
Linear
Formula HOCH2COOH
·
Molecular
Weight 76.05
·
Beilstein
Registry Number 1209322
·
eCl@ss 39021303
Glycolic acid (hydroacetic acid or hydroxyacetic
acid); chemical formula C2H4O3 (also
written as HOCH2CO2H), is the smallest α-hydroxy acid (AHA). This colorless, odorless,
and hygroscopic crystalline
solid is highly soluble in water. It is used in various skin-care products.
Glycolic acid is found in some sugar-crops. A glycolate or glycollate is
a salt or ester of glycolic acid.
Detailed description
The
name "glycolic acid" was coined in 1848 by the French chemist Auguste Laurent (1807–1853). He proposed that
the amino
acidglycine — which
was then called glycocolle — might be the amine of a hypothetical acid, which he called
"glycolic acid" (acide glycolique).[4] When the
team of Strecker and Sokolov finally produced glycolic acid in 1851, they
bestowed, on their acid, the name of Laurent's hypothetical acid.
Uses
Glycolic acid is used in the textile industry as
a dyeing and tanning agent,[11] in food processing as a flavoring agent and as a
preservative, and in the pharmaceutical industry as a skin care agent. It is
also used in adhesives and plastics.[12] Glycolic acid
is often included into emulsion polymers, solvents and
additives for ink and paint in order to improve flow properties and impart
gloss. It is used in surface treatment products that increase the coefficient
of friction on tile flooring.
Due to its excellent capability to penetrate skin, glycolic acid finds applications in skin care products, most
often as a chemical peel performed by a dermatologist in
concentrations of 20 to 70% or at-home kits in lower concentrations between 10
and 20%. In addition to concentration, pH also plays a large part in
determining the potency of glycolic acid in solution. Physician-strength peels
can have a pH as low as 0.6 (strong enough to completely keratolyze the
epidermis), while acidities for home peels can be as high as 2.5. Glycolic acid
is used to improve the skin's appearance and texture. It may reduce wrinkles, acne scarring, hyperpigmentation and improve many
other skin conditions,
including actinic keratosis, hyperkeratosis, and seborrheic keratosis.[citation needed] Once applied, glycolic acid reacts with the
upper layer of the epidermis, weakening the
binding properties of the lipids that hold the dead skin cells together. This
allows the stratum corneum to
be exfoliated, exposing live skin cells. Highly purified grades of glycolic
acid are commercially available for personal care applications.
Glycolic acid is also a useful intermediate for
organic synthesis, in a range of reactions including: oxidation-reduction, esterification and
long chain polymerization.
It is used as a monomer in the
preparation of polyglycolic acid and
other biocompatible copolymers (e.g. PLGA). From the commercial perspective, important derivatives
include the methyl (CAS# 96-35-5) and ethyl (CAS# 623-50-7) esters which are
readily distillable (b.p. 147-9 and 158–159 °C, respectively), unlike
the parent acid. The butyl ester (b.p. 178–186 °C) is a component of
some varnishes, being desirable
because it is nonvolatile and has good dissolving properties.
PRICE
$1520.64/KG OR $691.20/IB
For more information:
mobile: +2348039721941
contact person: emeaba uche
e-mail: emeabau@yahoo.com
No comments:
Post a Comment